search information related to IOL, biometry, corneal topography, etc.

Optical axis of the eye is a theretical concept. Clinically, if a point source of light was projected to the eye, then all reflexes from the

The refraction shown against target IOL Power in the biometry page is not emmetropia but a spherical equivalent.

At the end of the reading, you will get an understanding of the design of the Extended Depth of Focus (EDOF) IOLs in the market, and how the

Point spread Function gives us an understanding of the resolution of an optical system.

Interpreting a pin hole test for vision testing.

This tool will help you to use Haigis L formula for post lasik patients. As first step it helps you to convert K readings.

This allows you to convert post Lasik corneal reading and IOL constant to Shammas post lasik formula with no history method

This article describes what is Abbe number and chromatic aberration and answers if Abbe number is important for IOL industry

If a patient complains about his glass prescription and finds difficult to adjust to cylinder, how can you prescribe modify the prescription

Explains astigmatism and how it is corrected with glasses and TORIC IOLS

This calculator helps you to predict near add power in corneal or spectacle plane based on patient details and multifocal IOL add in lens

defocus curve helps us to understand the peak near, intermediate vision that a multifocal IOl is capable of providing to patients

This calculator gives you an idea about post operative ACD or ELP by predicting it based on preoperatve ACD with optional lens thickness....